Annex Publishers

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the basic genetic knowledge of medical school students and their self-report ed knowledge about some genetic defects-diseases and genetic counseling. Materials and methods: In this descriptive study, data were collected through an online survey. The questionnaire was sent to preclinical and clinical students in semesters 1-6, and 328 students answered the questionnaire. Results: Of the total 328 students, 59.5% were female and 40.5% were male. The mean age was 21.42±1.99 years and 57.6% of the students were in pre-clinical and 42.4% were in clinical classes. Students in pre-clinical classes reported less knowl edge of basic genetics, genetic defects, and diseases when compared with the students in clinical classes (p<0.05). Upon ex amining the responses of the students about giving genetic counseling, the rate of clinical classes was found to be higher (p<0.05). Students in both pre-clinical (78.3%) and clinical (89.2%) classes stated that they would like to get more education on genetic diseases and genetic counseling

During gestation, oxidative stress occurs physiologically and stressors such as endocrine alterations, maternal age, genetic problems, exposure to ethanol and malnutrition can contribute to this oxidative stress changing from physiological to non- physiological, impairing gestation, fetal development and re ecting on the adult life of the o spring. e objective of this study was to evaluate the direct e ects on sows and indirect e ects on o spring a er adulthood of chronic exposure to ethanol and malnutrition while still in utero. e sows were divided into four groups: Control Group (C), ethanol (E), mal nutrition (M) and ethanol and malnutrition (EM). Data were collected from the sows as soon as pregnancy was con rmed and from the o spring from birth to the 60th day of life. e weight, food and water intake were evaluated in the sows and the weight, ferric reducing antioxidant power and FOX assays in the o spring. Maternal body weight showed a reduction in group D from the 14th day of gestation. Group E decreased food intake from the rst week of gestation and remained so un til the end of the protocols. Regarding the hydration of the mother, groups E and EM showed decreased water intake from the rst week of gestation and remained so until birth. Regarding the weight of the o spring, the measurement was per formed on the 7th, 21st, 30th, 50th and 60th days of life, showing statistical di erence in all groups when compared with each other or with group C until adulthood. Group EM showed a signi cant increase in FOX concentration compared to group M. Regarding the ethanol ingested by the mother, even in situations of malnutrition, during gestation it is capable of meeting the maternal and fetal energy demand in the short term. erefore, it is in adulthood that there is greater produc tion of peroxide lipids.

The study evaluated the proximate composition of soybean (Glycine max), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and Prosopis (Pro sopis juliflora) pod meal-based bee diets. The three major ingredients were selected deliberately due to their availability and cost. Proximate analyses were conducted at Egerton University, Animal Nutrition laboratory. There were three experimen tal diets with three replicates each: T1 (soybean meal), T2 (chickpea), and T3 (ground Prosopis pods). Prosopis pods were harvested by plucking mature pods from the tree branches at the Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), ABIRI Centre (0°28'10.1"N, 35°58'59.79"E). They were dried and ground to pass through a 1mm screen. Proxi mate analyses were carried out following the AOAC guidelines. All variables were subjected to analysis of variance (ANO VA) in a completely randomized design (CRD) using the SAS 9.4 statistical package. The results indicated that there were significant differences at (p < 0.05) between the CP content of diets. Treatment (T1) (263.4 g/kg DM) and T2 (261.7 g/kg DM) had the highest CP, while T3 (250.6 g/kg DM) had the lowest compared to T1 and T2. Similar trends were observed in ash content, with T3 having the highest (39.1 g/kg DM), while T1 and T2 were not significantly different, with 36.5 g/kg DM and 34.4 g/kg DM, respectively. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in CF in all the treatments. There were significant differences in the fat content, with T1 having the highest, 73.4 g/kg DM, followed by T3 with 40.0 g/kg DM, while T2 had the lowest, with 31.2 g/kg DM

Photovoltaic solar cells have been a promising solution to the world's environmental air pollution in recent decades. Howev er, despite their usage, Earth pollution has still been a concern. As a result, bio-solar cells have been researched among bio- physical researchers since 2012 to provide an environmentally compatible alternative. To increase the efficiency of bio-solar cells, gold nanoparticles have been employed along with chlorophyll extracted from spinach leaves. The nanoparticle model has proven to be more efficient, increasing current and voltage compared to previous models. In our experiments, we devel oped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in PS1 and PS2 active layers and the performance of the photovoltaic synthesized outputs was appropriate. Our bio solar cell, which consisted of Au/(Photosystem + Triton X-100 + GNP)/FTO, exhibited superior photovoltaic efficiency at 0.32%. Parameters such as short-circuit current density (JSC), cut-off voltage, and fill factor con verged to values of 0.099 mA/cm2, 0.107 V, and 0.25, respectively. Based on our observations, this structure is a promising candidate for sustainable solar energy production.