1World Health Organization (2004) Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health. Geneva: World Health Organization.
2Food and Agriculture Organizatiomn (2020) Fruit and vegetables – your dietary essentials. The International Year of Fruits and Vegetables, 2021, background paper. Rome. FAO.
3Brasil. Ministerio da Saúde. Secretaria de Atencao à Saúde. Departamento de Atencao Basica. (2014) Guia alimentar para a populacao brasileira / Ministerio da Saúde, Secretaria de Atencao à Saúde, Departamento de Atencao Basica. – 2. ed. – Brasília: Ministerio da Saúde, 156 p.
4Hall JN, Moore S, Harper SB, Lynch JW (2009) Global variability in fruit and vegetable consumption. Am J Prev Med 36: 402-409.
5 Brasil. Ministerio da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saúde. Departamento de Analise em Saúde e Vigilancia de Doencas Nao Transmissíveis. (2021) Vigitel Brasil 2020 : vigilancia de fatores de risco e protecao para doencas crônicas por inquerito telefônico : estimativas sobre frequência e distribuicao sociodemografica de fatores de risco e protecao para doencas crônicas nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal em 2020 / Ministerio da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saúde, Departamento de Analise em Saúde e Vigilancia de Doencas Nao Transmissíveis. – Brasília : Ministerio da Saúde, 124 p.
6Miller V, Mente A, Dehghan M, Rangarajan S, Zhang X, et al (2017) Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study investigators. Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study. Lancet 390: 2037-2049.
7Wang X, Ouyang Y, Liu J, Zhu M, Zhao G, (2014) Fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ 29, 349: g4490.
8World Health Organization (2019) Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of non communicable diseases. e-Library of Evidence for Nutrition Actions (eLENA). World Health Organization.
9Damiani TF, Pereira LP, Ferreira MG (2017) Consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras na Regiao Centro-Oeste do Brasil: prevalência e fatores associados. Cien Saude Colet 22: 369-382.
10Figueiredo IC, Jaime PC, Monteiro CA (2008) Factors associated with fruit and vegetable intake among adults of the city of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 42: 777-785.
11Gomes Domingos AL, Miranda AEDS, Pimenta AM, Hermsdorff HHM, Oliveira FLP, et al (2018) Cohort Profile: The Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME). Int J Epidemiol 47: 1743-1744.
12Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Mill JG, Lotufo PA, Chor D, et al (2015) Cohort Profile: Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Int J Epidemiol 44: 68-75.
13Azarias H, Marques-Rocha JL, Miranda A, dos Santos LC, Gomes-Domingos AL, et al (2021). Online food frequency questionnaire from Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME project, Brazil): construction, validity and reproducibility, Frontiers in Nutrition (in press).
14Universidade Estadual de Campinas (2011) Tabela Brasileira de Composicao de Alimentos (TACO). NEPA – UNICAMP, Campinas, ed. 4, rev. e ampl. -- Campinas: NEPA. UNICAMP, 161p.
15United States Department of Agriculture. Standard Release 25 (2012). Table of Chemical Composition of Foods.
16Alexandre VP, Peixoto MRG, Schmitz BAS, Moura EC (2014) Fatores associados às praticas alimentares da populacao adulta de Goiania, Goias, Brasil. Rev Bras Epidemiol 17: 267-280.
17Dahlgren G, Whitehead M (1991) Policies and Strategies to Promote Social Equity in Health Stockholm. Institute for Future Studies.
18 Estima CCP, Philippi ST, Alvarenga MS (2009) Fatores determinantes de consumo alimentar: por que os indivíduos comem o que comem? Rev Bras Nutr Clin 24: 263-268.
19World Health Organization (2020) Who guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Geneva: WHO.
20National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) (2015) Drinking Levels Defined.
21Martins, APB, Levy RB, Claro RM, Moubarac JC, Monteiro CA (2013) Participacao crescente de produtos ultraprocessados na dieta brasileira (1987-2009). Rev Saúde Pública 47: 656-665.
22 Pavao AL, Werneck GL, Campos MR (2013) Self-rated health and the association with social and demographic factors, health behavior, and morbidity: a national health survey. Cad Saude Publica. 29: 723-734.
23World Health Organization (1998) Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity (WHO technical report series, 894).
24Organizacao Pan-Americana De Saúde/OPAS. XXXVI (2002) Reunión del Comitê Asesor de Ivestigaciones en Salud – Encuestra Multicêntrica – Salud Beinestar y Envejecimeiento (SABE) en America Latina e el Caribe – Informe preliminar.
25 American Heart Association (2020) International Society of Hypertension global hypertension practice guidelines. J Hypertens 38: 982-1004.
26 Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (2019) Diretrizes Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes 2019-2020. Clanad.
27 Miranda AES, Ferreira AVM, Oliveira FLP, Hermsdorff HHM, Bressan J, et al (2017) Validation of metabolic syndrome and its self reported components in the CUME Study. REME 21: e-10691.
28 Victora CG, Huttly SR, Fuchs SC, Olinto MT (1997) The role of conceptual frameworks in epidemiological analysis: a hierarchical approach. Int J Epidemiol 26:224-227.
29 Fuchs SC, Victora CG, Fachel J (1996) Hierarchical model: a proposal for a model to be applied in the investigation of risk factors for severe diarrhea. Rev. Saúde Pública 30: 168-178.
30Vigilancia de fatores de risco e protecao para doencas crônicas por inquerito telefônico (2020) estimativas sobre frequência e distribuicao sociodemografica de fatores de risco e protecao para doencas crônicas nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal em 2019 [recurso eletrônico] / Ministerio da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saúde, Departamento de Analise em Saúde e Vigilancia de Doencas nao Transmissíveis. – Brasília: Ministerio da Saúde.
31Kovalskys I, Rigotti A, Koletzko B, Fisberg M, Gómez G, et al (2019) ELANS Study Group. Latin American consumption of major food groups: Results from the ELANS study. PLoS One 14: e0225101.
32Peltzer K, Pengpid S (2015) Correlates of healthy fruit and vegetable diet in students in low, middle and high income countries. Int J Public Health. 60: 79-90.
33 Silveira EA, Martins BB, de Abreu LR, Cardoso CK (2015) Baixo consumo de frutas, verduras e legumes: fatores associados em idosos em capital no Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Cien Saude Colet. 20: 3689-3699.
34 Mackenbach JD, Brage S, Forouhi NG, Griffin SJ, Wareham NJ, et al (2015) Does the importance of dietary costs for fruit and vegetable intake vary by socioeconomic position? Br J Nutr 114: 1464-70.
35 Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2020) Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios: Rendimento medio nominal do trabalho principal, habitualmente recebido por mês, pelas pessoas de 14 anos ou mais de idade, ocupadas na semana de referência, com rendimento de trabalho, segundo os níveis de instrucao. Rio de Janeiro, 2020.
36 Santos GMGCD, Silva AMR, Carvalho WO, Rech CR, Loch MR (2019) Perceived barriers for the consumption of fruits and vegetables in Brazilian adults. Cien Saude Colet. 24: 2461-2470.
37 Galobardes B, Morabia A, Bernstein MS (2001) Diet and socioeconomic position: does the use of different indicators matter? Int J Epidemiol 30: 334-40.
38 Turrell G, Hewitt B, Patterson C, Oldenburg B (2003) Measuring socio-economic position in dietary research: is choice of socio-economic indicator important? Public Health Nutr 6: 191-200.
39 Jaime PC, Figueiredo ICR, Moura EC, Malta DC (2009) Fatores associados ao consumo de frutas e hortalicas no Brasil, 2006. Rev Saude Publica 43: 57-64.
40 Campos VC, Bastos JL, Gauche H, Boing AF, Assis MAA (2010) Fatores associados ao consumo adequado de frutas, legumes e verduras em adultos de Florianópolis. Rev. bras. epidemiol 13 :352-362.
41 Silva JA, da Silva KS, Matias TS, Leal DB, de Oliveira ESA, Nahas MV (2020) Food consumption and its association with leisure-time physical activity and active commuting in Brazilian workers. Eur J Clin Nutr 74: 314-321.
42 French S, Rosenberg M, Knuiman M (2008) The clustering of health risk behaviours in a Western Australian adult population. Health Promot J Austr. 19:203-209.
43 Champion KE, Mather M, Spring B, Kay-Lambkin F, Teesson M, et al (2018) Clustering of Multiple Risk Behaviors Among a Sample of 18-Year-Old Australians and Associations With Mental Health Outcomes: A Latent Class Analysis. Front Public Health 6: 135.
44 Papanikolaou Y, Fulgoni VL (2008) Bean consumption is associated with greater nutrient intake, reduced systolic blood pressure, lower body weight, and a smaller waist circumference in adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. J Am Coll Nutr 27: 569-576.
45 Costa JC, Canella DS, Martins APB, Levy RB, Andrade GC et al (2021) Consumption of fruits and the association with ultraprocessed food intake in Brazil in 2008-2009. Cien Saude Colet 26: 1233-1244.
46 Elizabeth L, Machado P, Zinöcker M, Baker P, Lawrence M (2020) Ultra-Processed Foods and Health Outcomes: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 12: 1955.
47 Santos FS, Dias MS, Mintem GC, Oliveira IO, Gigante DP (2020) Food processing and cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review. Rev Saúde Publica 54:70.
48 Chen X, Zhang Z, Yang H, Qiu P, Wang H, et al (2020) Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health outcomes: a systematic review of epidemiological studies. Nutr J 19: 86.
49 Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2020) Pesquisa de orcamentos familiares: POF: 2017-2018: Avaliacao Nutricional da Disponibilidade Domiciliar de Alimentos no Brasil / IBGE, Coordenacao de Trabalho e Rendimento. - Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 65.
50 Wardle J, Haase AM, Steptoe A, Nillapun M, Jonwutiwes K et al (2004) Gender differences in food choice: the contribution of health beliefs and dieting. Ann Behav Med. 27: 107-116.
51 Pengpid S, Vonglokham M, Kounnavong S, Sychareun V, Peltzer K (2019) The Prevalence and Social Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Its Associations With Noncommunicable Diseases Risk Factors Among Adults in Laos. Asia Pac J Public Health. 31: 157-166.
52 Borgi L, Muraki I, Satija A, Willett WC, Rimm EB, et al (2016) Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and the Incidence of Hypertension in Three Prospective Cohort Studies. Hypertension 67: 288-93.
53 Ford ES, Mokdad AH (2001) Fruit and vegetable consumption and diabetes mellitus incidence among U.S. adults. Prev Med.
54 Li M, Fan Y, Zhang X, Hou W, Tang Z (2014) Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open 4: e005497.
55 Cheng HY, Shi YX, Yu FN, Zhao HZ, Zhang JH, et al (2019) Association between vegetables and fruits consumption and depressive symptoms in a middle-aged Chinese population: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 98: e15374.
16Alexandre VP, Peixoto MRG, Schmitz BAS, Moura EC (2014) Fatores associados às praticas alimentares da populacao adulta de Goiania, Goias, Brasil. Rev Bras Epidemiol 17: 267-280.
17Dahlgren G, Whitehead M (1991) Policies and Strategies to Promote Social Equity in Health Stockholm. Institute for Future Studies.
18 Estima CCP, Philippi ST, Alvarenga MS (2009) Fatores determinantes de consumo alimentar: por que os indivíduos comem o que comem? Rev Bras Nutr Clin 24: 263-268.
46 Elizabeth L, Machado P, Zinöcker M, Baker P, Lawrence M (2020) Ultra-Processed Foods and Health Outcomes: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 12: 1955.
47 Santos FS, Dias MS, Mintem GC, Oliveira IO, Gigante DP (2020) Food processing and cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review. Rev Saúde Publica 54:70.
48 Chen X, Zhang Z, Yang H, Qiu P, Wang H, et al (2020) Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health outcomes: a systematic review of epidemiological studies. Nutr J 19: 86.